ASSYRIA

ASSYRIA
I.
ASSYRIA
Arbor, quae et Medica, et Περσικὴ μηλέα, eadem cum Cittea plerisque Veterum. Sed Virgilius in illa describenda, ingentem arborem eam nobis tradit, quod Aurantiae potius, quam citro, convenit. Nam citrum non alte attollitur,
Ipsa ingens arbor faciemque simillima lauro
ad quem locum l. 2. Georg. v. 131. Servius, Sane etiam baec probant, citrum non esse. Nam citri arbor multum von votest crescere. Dicta autem Assyria est, quod primitus in sola Assyria proveniret: Postea vero per universam Asiam et Europam, semine inde allatô, crebrescere coepit. vide de illa Samas. ad Solin. p. 949. ut et infra ubi de Aurantiis et Citreis malis.
II.
ASSYRIA
regio maioris Asiae, quam Ptol. ab ortu Mediae parte terminat, ab occasu Mesopotamiâ, a Septentrione parte minoris Armeniae, iuxta Niphatem montem, a Meridie Susianâ. Plin. l. 5. c. 12. ait, eam Syriae partem asie, quae postea vocata est Adiabene. Strabo autem loge latiores Assyriae fines assignat, eô nomine comprehendens Babyloniam, et maximam circumiacentium regionum partem. Vide Bochart. Geogr. Sacr. l. 4. c. 19. Tibullus, l. 3. El.
2. v. 24.
Eoique Arabes, dives et Assyria.
Absurdum autem videri possit, quod Assyrios iuxta Thermodontem fluv. statuar Dionysius. Sic enim ille.
Τοὺς δὲ μετ᾿ Α᾿ςςυρίης πρόχυσις χθονὸς εντετάνυςται.
Sed cum Aslyrii imperium suum longe latepue propagârint, hinc effectum, ut gentes plurimae Assyrio imperio olim subditae Α᾿ςςύριοι, et per aphaeresin Συριοι et Σύροι, Graecis dictae fuerint. Ita Herodotus et eum secutus Trogus Pompeius l. 1. c. 2. Assyrii, qui postea Syri dicti. Sic cum Syria, seu Assyria late sumpta, Cappadociam comprehendat, et Graeci Syros vocent, quos Persae Cappadoces, Herodotô teste, (Καππαδόκαι (inquit) οὓς ἡμεῖς Συρίους καλέομεν, atque alibi, Οἱ Σύροι ὑπὸ Περσῶν καλοῦνται Καππαδόκαι) Dionysius generale Aslyriae nomen peculiariter usurpat pro Cappadociae parte, iuxta Irim, et Thermodontem fluvios, quae aliis stricte Leucosyria dicitur. Quin et Val. Flac. l. 5. v. 109. in Astyria Sinopen constituit in hia:
Assyrios complexa sinus stat opima Sinope;
Nympha prius, blandosque Fivis quae luserat ignes
Caelicolis immota procis. ----
Apollonius etiam Cappadociam Α᾿ςςυρίαν vocat, l. 3. Argon. Hesychius, Α᾿ςςυρίων, Χαλδαίων. Occupata a Traiano est. A. C. 113. Sed relicta ab Adriano A. C. 120. dicente, se imitari Catonem, qui Macedonas liberos pronuntiavit, quia teneri non poterant. Spartian. in vita eius. Dion. l. 69. Hodie partim sub Persis, partim sub Turcis est. Praecipuae eius urbes, Mosul, olim Ninive: Ctesiphon, olim regia Parthorum sedes et Arbella clade Darii nobilis. Primae Monarchiae sedes, quae sub Nimrodo seu Belo, incepit A. M. 1879. Babylone, et ab Aslure, seu Nino, fil. huius Beli. Assyria dicta est. Cuius ultimus Monarcha Sardanapalus fuit. Duravit an. 1300. Vide Iustin. l. 1. Mercat. l. 1. et 3. Euseb. et Genebr. Chronol. Cluver. l. 5. etc. Baudrando Assyria, nunc Arzerum, fere tota trans Tigrim fluv. sub Turcis. Alias ampla, nunc arctior. Eius pars olim fuit Adiabene provinc. urbesque ibi cellebres sunt, Mosul, alias Ninive, et Schiaraxur, versus Persiam. Coeterum cum neque in Historia Sacra, neque in Aegyptiorum monumentis reperiatur ulla assyriorum memoria, antequam desiislet in Asia Aegyptiorum im perium; primusque in Cis-Euphratensibus regionibus inclaruerit Phul Rex Assyriorum, 2. Reg. c. 15. v. 19. post quem memorantur Teglat-Phul-Asar, Ibid. v. 19. Salmanasar, 2. Reg. c. 17. v. 6. etc. longissimam illam Assyriorum Regum seriem, ab uno Cresia excogitatam primumque editam, ab Eusebio vero et Syncello conservatam et ad nostra usque tempora propagatam, non sine ratione suspectam iudicat insignis Chronologus Marshamus Eques Angl. quem vide Canone Chron. Sec. XVII. de memoratis vero Regibus, eorumque succesloribus, hîc passim.

Hofmann J. Lexicon universale. 1698.

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